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Common Internet Fraud Terms
Below is a list and definition of the more common current internet fraud terms.
Hash busters: The random words or sentences contained in spam emails that allow these emails to bypass your spam filters.
Keylogger:
A clandestine program that logs sequential strokes on your keyboard and sends them to hackers so they can figure out your log-in credentials.
Malvertising:
Malicious online advertising that contains malware — software intended to damage or disable computers.
Man-in-the-middle attack:
When a fraudster secretly intercepts and possibly alters messages between two parties who believe they are securely communicating with each other.
Pharming:
When hackers use malicious programs to route you to their own websites (often convincing look-alikes of well-known sites), even if you’ve correctly typed in the address of the site you want to visit.
Phishing:
The act of trying to trick you, often by email, into providing sensitive personal data or credit card accounts, by a scammer posing as a trusted business or other entity.
Ransomware:
A malicious program that restricts or disables your computer, hijacks and encrypts files, and then demands a fee to restore your computer’s functionality.
Scareware:
A program that displays on-screen warnings of nonexistent infections on your computer to trick you into installing malware or buying fake antivirus protection.
Skimming:
The capture of information from the magnetic stripe on credit and debit cards by “skimmer” devices that are secretly installed on card-reading systems at gas pumps, ATMs and store checkout counters.
Smishing:
Phishing attempts that go to your mobile devices via text message, telling you to call a toll-free number. Named for SMS (short message service) technology.
Spear-phishing: |
Phishing with personalized email, often appearing to be from someone you know.
Spoofing:
Any situation in which a scammer masquerades as a specific person, business or agency, but typically meaning the manipulation of your telephone’s caller ID to display a false name or number.
Spyware:
A type of malware installed on your computer or cellphone to track your actions and collect information without your knowledge.
Vishing:
Short for “voice phishing,” the use of recorded phone messages intended to trick you into revealing sensitive information for identity theft.
Whaling:
Phishing attempt on a “big fish” target (typically corporate executives or payroll departments) by a scammer who poses as its CEO, a company attorney or a vendor to get payments or sensitive information.
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Disclaimer
None of the information contained in this web site should be construed as legal advice. All forms, policies, information and procedures should be reviewed by your legal counsel before being used in any way.